Evaluation of nitrogen fertilizer and aquatic plant extracts performance on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth and yield
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56727/NTU-JAVS.2026.6.2.135-139Keywords:
wheat crop, nitrogen fertilizer, plant extracts,Abstract
This study was conducted at the Technical College of Agriculture/ Mosul during the agricultural season (2023 - 2024). It included two factors,. the first was two nitrogen fertilization levels (fertilized, non-fertilized). The second was aqueous extracts of each of (Ceratophyllum echinatum, Eichhornia crassipes and Lemna minor).The completely randomized design with 3replicates was applied, The following growth and yield indicators were measured: tillers of wheat crop, flag leaf area (cm2), weight of 1000 grains (g), biological yield (g. pot-1), and grain yield (g. pot-1), the results obtained were as follows: nitrogen fertilized treatment was noticeably better than the non-fertilized group in every parameter examined, with the exception of weight of 1000 grains. When the extracts were different, there were significant differences in all the studied traits, except for the biological yield trait. The interaction between the nitrogen fertilized treatment and the Ceratophyllum echinatum extract was significantly superior to all interactions and for every attribute that has been examined, and the relationship between the nitrogen fertilized treatment and all the extracts was significantly superior to the non-fertilized treatment for all extracts in the biological yield trait.
References
- Alam,M.S.,M.N.Nesa, S.K.Khan,M.B.Hossain and A.Hoque (2007) . Varietal Different on yield and yield contribution characters of wheat under levels of nitrogen and planting methods. Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 3(11):1388-1392.
- Al-Jader, A. S. S. (2024). Growth and yield standards for bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as a result of seeding rate and herbicides in Ninoy Governorate. Master’s thesis - College of Agriculture and Forestry - University of Mosul
- Al-Khalaf, A. Al-Ali, M. M. Al-Zoubi, and Thamer Al-Hanish (2022). The effect of organic and chemical fertilization on the characteristics of hard and soft wheat. Syrian Journal of Agricultural Research 9 (3): 230 – 240).
- Al-Obaidi, S. H. A. (2009). Weeds and the basics of control. Dar Ibn Al-Atheer for Printing and Publishing - University of Mosul. Iraq .
- Al-Taie, N. T. T., Ahmed H. A.,and Qasim Th. I. (2011). The use of water lentils, Lamna spp, in removing nutrients from wastewater and utilizing its living mass as a supplement to fish diets, Proceedings of the Fifth Scientific Conference of the College of Agriculture, Tikrit University.
- Costa. R., N.Pinheiro. A.S.Almeida and C.Gomes. (2013). Effect of sowing date and Seeding rate on bread wheat yield and test weight under Mediterranean conditions.J.Food Agric.25 (12):951-961.
- Deshmukh SD.(1975). Studies on the insecticidal properties of indigenous plant products.
- FAO,(2020) . Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations ,2020 FAOSTAT Statistical Database. Rome: FAO,2020
- Grote, U., Fasse, A., Nguyen, T. T., & Erenstein, O. (2021). Food security and the dynamics of wheat and maize value chains in Africa and Asia. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 4, 617009
- Hamid, H. M., Ali H. M., and Atheer S. M. (2017). The effect of spraying foliar fertilizer (Algidex) and adding urea fertilizer on the growth and yield of bread wheat variety Sham 6. Tikrit University / College of Agriculture / Crops Department.
- Hayawi , J.A. and A. Sh. Hamad (2020). Fffect of trifloralin herbicide in emergence, growth and production of seeds for wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum L.) weed in different types of soil . Plant Archives Vol. (20) Supplement (1) . pp. 1700 – 1704.
- Hayawi,J.A. , A. Sh. Hamad and F. I. Sulta (2023) . Study of the Effect of Trifloralin Herbicide, Seed Rate and Planting Distances in Controlling Broad-Leaf Weeds Associated with Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) IOP Conference Series:Earth and Environmental Science 1262(doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1262/3/032025) , IOP Publishing.
- Hussain ,I.,Khan M.A. and Khan E.A.(2006) . Bread wheat varieties as influenced by different nitrogen level. Journalof Zhejiang Univ. sciences B.7(1):70-78.
- Khaled S. M., Abbas H. A, and Hawass H. H. (2013). Plant growth stimulants (environmentally friendly). Al-Nahrain University Journal. 16 (4): 19 – 35.
- Mohammed ,A.I., J.A.Hayawi, F.I.Sultan (2022). The Response of three Barley Cultivars to Cumin Extract at Different Soaking Times and the Identification of the Active Compounds Using GCMS. IOP Conference Series:Earth and Environmental Science 1060(1) , IOP Publishing.
- Selim, E.M.; Z.M. Elsirafy and A.A. Taha (2010). Effect of irrigation methods and N. application on the utilization of nitrogen by sugar beet grown under arid condition. Australian J. Basic and Applied Sci.. 4(7): 2114-2124
- Sultan,F., Al-Farha,A. and Shaaban, I. (2020b) . Separation and identification of some fatty acids and phenolic compounds from Portulaca oleracea L. and study their biological effect on two types of pathogenic bacteria Asian J Agric& Biol. 8(3):1-1
- Wolde, G. M., Mascher, M., & Schnurbusch, T. (2019). Genetic modification of spikelet arrangement in wheat increases grain number without significantly affecting grain weight. Molecular Genetics and Genomics, 294(2), 457-468.
Additional Files
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Mahmood Ihab alasaady, Jasim Abdullah Hayawi, Mazen Nizar Fadl
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
