A comprehensive examination of the impact of natural and chemicals fertilization on encouraging sustainable carrot farming while reducing nutrient depletion
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56286/NTU-JAVS.2026.6.3.304-316Keywords:
carrots, integrated nutrient management, organic amendments, nutrient use efficiency, soil health, nitrate leaching, sustainability.Abstract
Sustainable food production of carrots (Daucus carota L.) depends on nutrition methodologies that maintain yield and quality while preserving soil fertility and reducing waste. This study compiles scientific evidence on natural fertilization (organic fertilizer, animal manure, green manure, biofertilizers, and organic mineral materials) and chemical fertilization in carrot cultivation, focusing on nutrient use efficiency (NUE), soil health, product quality, and environmental outputs. In temperate and semi-arid regions, balanced NPK chemical fertilization reliably increases early biomass and marketable yield, but can increase the rate of nitrate accumulation in roots and leaching from sandy or poorly structured soils when rates exceed crop needs. Natural amendments improve soil organic carbon, aggregation, cation exchange capacity, and microbial activity, which collectively enhance nitrogen retention and phosphorus availability over time; however, crop response may be delayed without additional mineral nitrogen during peak demand. Improved integrated nutrient management—combining modest mineral inputs (30–60% of conventional nitrogen) with well-stabilized organic manure or compost and microbial inoculants (e.g., PGPR/AMF) - Continuously improves micronutrient productivity, reduces nitrate leaching, and maintains or increases β-carotene, soluble solids, and root firmness. Timing (applying nitrogen in stages consistent with growth stages), placement (placing it near the root zone), and the use of decision-making tools (soil tests and leaf sap tests). Cover crops and waste recycling contribute to closing the nutrient cycle, while drip irrigation reduces the carbon footprint per ton by matching supply with demand. We propose a tiered framework: rebuilding soil capital with organic matter, bridging seasonal gaps with micro-mineral fertilizers, and validating nitrogen budgets across the life cycle and field scale. This approach supports profitable yields, stable quality, and long-term soil resilience in carrot cultivation, while limiting nutrient depletion and off-farm pollution.
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