The Impact of The Amino Acid Cysteine on The Anatomy of Drought-Stressed Date Palm Leaves (Phoenix Dactylifera L.), Zamli Cultivar
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56286/NTU-JAVS.2026.6.3.296-303Keywords:
Amino Acid, Cysteine, Anatomical Changes, Date Palm, Zamli.Abstract
The This study was conducted in a private orchard north of Basra Governorate, where 27 date palm trees of the Zamli cultivar, produced from plant tissue culture, were selected to determine the effect of the amino acid cysteine on the anatomical characteristics of the date palm cultivar Zamli under water stress conditions. The study included two factors: the first was spraying with the amino acid cysteine at concentrations of 0, 150, and 300 mg L⁻¹, and the second was irrigation Periods (one irrigation every 3, 15, or 30 days). The results showed the effect of the cysteine treatment and irrigation Periods on the anatomical characteristics of the Zamli date palm leaves. The 300 mg L⁻¹ cysteine concentration significantly surpassed the other concentrations, recording the highest values for epidermal cell thickness, parenchyma cell diameter, metaxylem diameter, and phloem layer thickness, with an average of (10.72, 39.44, 66.19, and 76.11 micrometers) respectively. It also recorded the lowest averages for cuticle layer thickness and tannin cell diameter, with an average of (5.38 and 23.83). In contrast, the cysteine control treatment recorded the lowest averages for epidermal cell thickness, parenchyma cell diameter, metaxylem diameter, and phloem layer thickness. The irrigation Periods also affected the anatomical characteristics, as the 30-day irrigation interval recorded the highest values for cuticle layer thickness and tannin cell diameter (8.49 and 30.51 micrometers) respectively.
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