A Comparative Study on the Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Wastewater with Adsorption Technique by Red Mud-Chitosan Composite: A Review

Abstract

The problem of water pollution persists to this day. To reduce water pollution, which includes water produced from industrial units and wastewater, it had to be treated using several methods. This review focused on the use of adsorption technology, considered the most common method due to its ease of design and efficiency in removing pollutants. Recently, studies have shown that modifying red mud with chitosan can produce a new composite, RM/CS, as its efficiency in removing pollutants is good. This review summarizes the presentation. Studies conducted on the adsorption of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions using the RM/CS component, comparing the maximum adsorption capacity q_max and removal with red mud activated by acidic or heat treatment, or both, in addition to comparing it with the removal efficiency mediated by chitosan alone, studying the effect of the PH and adsorption time, and applying the Langmuir and Freundlich of the reaction isotherm to evaluate the efficiency of red mud modified with chitosan.